罗望子多糖模板法制备纳米硒

以罗望子多糖为模板,通过亚硒酸和抗坏血酸反应制备纳米硒,探讨反应时间、反应物浓度、温度等条件对产物粒度的大小、形貌的影响,并采用光谱法、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对产物进行表征.结果表明:当反应体系中亚硒酸和抗坏血酸的物质的量比为2:1,罗望子多糖质量分数为0.02%,60℃下温浴4 h时得到红色的...     

糙米粉和柑橘皮粉的复配添加对牛肉饼品质的影响

通过单因素和复配试验,研究糙米粉和柑橘皮粉复配对牛肉饼品质的影响。将糙米粉（0%、1%、2%和3%）和柑橘皮粉（0%、1%、2%、3%和4%）分别添加到牛肉饼中,通过产品得率、颜色（L*、a*、b*）、质构（弹性、黏聚和回复性）等指标的测定,并结合感官评价,筛选出糙米粉和柑橘皮粉的适合添加量,分别为2%和3%,在此添加量下的牛肉饼与空白对照组相比均有最大的产品得率、最佳的质构特性以及最好的感官评分（P < 0.05）。再利用复配试验优化出糙米粉和柑橘皮粉的最适复合配比,结果表明糙米粉和柑橘皮粉的最适复配比例为：糙米粉1.5%,柑橘皮粉3.5%,在此配比下加工的牛肉饼具有良好的产品得率（92.73%）和感官评分。同时低场核磁弛豫时间（T₂）结果显示,此配比下的牛肉饼水分结合最牢固,保水性最好。     

Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, febrile viral disease of small ruminants, caused by a virus of the genus Morbillivirus. PPR and rinderpest viruses are antigenically related and need to be differentiated serologically. In the present study, 23 mouse monoclonal antibodies were produced by polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-mediated fusion of sensitized lymphocytes and myeloma cells. Among these, two belong to the IgM class and the remaining 21 to various subclasses of IgG. The MAbs from the IgG class designated 4B6 and 4B11 neutralized PPR virus in vitro. In radioimmunoprecipitation assay, 10 MAbs recognized nucleoprotein, 4 recognized the matrix protein and one each haemagglutinin and phosphoprotein. The remaining 7 MAbs failed to precipitate any defined viral protein. The reactivity pattern of the monoclonal antibodies in indirect ELISA indicated a close antigenic relationship within three Indian PPR (lineage 4) virus isolates and also within two rinderpest vaccine strains. All PPR virus isolates could be distinguished from rinderpest vaccine viruses on the basis of the reactivity pattern of all MAbs and anti-N protein MAbs. A set of six monoclonal antibodies specific to PPR virus could also be identified from the panel. From the panel of MAbs available, two MAbs were selected for diagnostic applications, one each for the detection of antigens and antibodies to PPR virus.     

发酵灵芝菌粉和灵芝子实体中灵芝多糖含量的比较

灵芝多糖是灵芝中的主要有效成份。本研究对工业发酵方法生产的三种灵芝菌粉与相应的野生或栽培的灵芝子实体进行灵芝多糖含量方面的比较,结果表明：通过发酵方法生产的灵芝菌粉在灵芝多糖含量上显著超过了野生和栽培的灵芝子实体。从而说明,利用现代发酵技术生产灵芝菌粉将很有希望成为以后生产灵芝的一种主要方法。     

以玉米粉为成型剂的稚蚕人工饲料的研究

玉米粉作为家蚕人工饲料成型剂,具有良好的成型性能和保水性能,并具有促进蚕儿摄食和生长发育的作用。稚蚕人工饲料中添加４０％左右的玉米粉,取代琼脂、淀粉等传统成型剂。以玉米粉为成型剂的稚蚕人工饲料新配方,饲料成本不到普通琼脂饲料的３０％,茧丝质近似全龄桑叶育水平。     

Potato latent virus: a proposed new species in the genus Carlavirus

A previously undescribed carlavirus, potato latent virus (PotLV), was found infecting the potato cultivar Red La Soda imported from the USA. The particles were filamentous and slightly curved, with modal lengths of 530 and 670 nm. The 11 kDa protein encoded downstream from the coat protein contained a 'zinc-finger' motif characteristic of carlaviruses, and RT–PCR using a carlavirus-specific primer gave a PCR product of 857 bp. Antibodies produced to PotLV did not detect other carlaviruses when used in ELISA and the coat-protein nucleic acid sequence of PotLV showed < 67% similarity with the other carlaviruses tested. The closest similarity was with the Andean strain of potato virus S. Unusually for a carlavirus, PotLV systemically infected Nicotiana bigelovii , N. glutinosa , N. rustica , N. tabacum and Physalis floridana .     

Cloning and Characterization of Gene cab-PhE4 in Phyllostachys edulis

A fragment with about 798 bp of cab gene was amplified from the first strand of Moso （Phyllostachys edulis） cDNA through RT-PCR method, named as cab-PhE4 （cab gene 4 from Ph. edulis）. The cab-PhE4 （GenBank accession number： EF405878） gene encodes 265 amino acid. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the protein encoded by cab-PhE4 has a chlorophyll a/b-binding domain （64th- 232nd position）, a protein kinase C phosphorylation site （33rd-35th position）, a N-myristoylation site （169th-174th position）, and an involucrin repeat （207th-216th position）. The amino acid sequence of cab- PhE4 showed high similarity with the cab genes of Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, Musa acuminata, Panax ginseng and Oryza sativa, more than 90%, respectively.     

Effects of fermented garlic powder supplementation on growth performance, blood profiles and breast meat quality in broilers

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented garlic powder (FGP) on growth performance, blood profiles and breast meat quality in broilers. A total of 500 broilers were randomly allotted to 4 treatments with 5 replications per treatment and 25 chicks per pen. The experiment lasted for 5 weeks and dietary treatments were as follows: 1) CON (basal diet); 2) FGP1 (basal diet + 1 g/kg fermented garlic powder); 3) FGP2 (basal diet + 2 g/kg fermented garlic powder); 4) FGP4 (basal diet + 4 g/kg fermented garlic powder). No effects were observed (P > 0.05) in body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) throughout the whole experiment. The white blood cell (WBC) counts, lymphocyte and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was increased (P < 0.05) in response to FGP treatments. Broilers had lower (P < 0.05) total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and cortisol concentrations in blood when they were provided with FGP2 and FGP4 diets. Compared with CON, FGP2 and FGP4 treatments decreased (P < 0.05) TBARS and pH in breast meat. In conclusion, FGP administration had no effect on growth performance but improved immunity and meat quality as well as decreased cholesterol and cortisol in blood.     

浙江部分柿属植物鉴定及亲缘关系的SSR分析

应用SSR对浙江省分布的部分柿属植物(包括柿、浙江柿和金枣柿在内的3种46个基因型)进行了种质鉴定和亲缘关系分析。从已公开序列的20对柿属植物SSR引物中筛选出扩增谱带清晰和多态性丰富的引物11对;应用建立的技术体系,可将同物异名和同名异物的试材得以系统整理,一般认为是同一品种的兰溪大红柿与永康方柿,玉环长柿与永嘉长柿指纹图谱各有不同,应为不同种质。聚类分析结果表明,金枣柿(Diospyros sp.)与其他供试试材间的亲缘关系较远,支持其可能为一新种的观点;浙江柿(D.glaucifolia Metc.)与金枣柿的亲缘关系较远但与柿(D.kaki Thunb.)较近;部分供试日本柿种质与浙江省柿种质的亲缘关系较近。研究结果可为浙江省柿属植物种质资源保护和利用提供一定的科学依据。